Variasi Morfologi Daun pada Tiga Genotipe Cabai Rawit Lokal (Capsicum frutesncens L.) akibat Induksi Ethyl Methane Sulfonate

Abstract

Chili peppers are highly popular and widely consumed, making them one of the most cultivated vegetable commodities by farmers in Indonesia due to their high market value. This study aimed to examine the effects of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) mutagen induction on the leaf morphology of three local chili pepper genotypes (Capsicum frutescens L.). The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors: EMS concentration variation (0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.04%) and three chili pepper genotypes. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a 5% significance level (? = 0.05). If the factors show a significant effect, a post-hoc test using Tukey's test is conducted. EMS induction treatment proved effective in increasing genetic variation and morphological characteristics at certain concentrations. Results showed that the 0.02% EMS concentration significantly increased leaf number in Genotype 1, while Genotypes 2 and 3 showed no significant differences in leaf count. Additionally, EMS at specific concentrations affected leaf width, particularly in Genotype 2, which displayed greater leaf width at 0.01% and 0.04% EMS concentrations. However, leaf length did not exhibit significant changes across all genotypes tested.